What does it mean to have a resorbed tooth?

If you've been told you have a resorbed tooth, you might be wondering what this means for your oral health. Tooth resorption is a condition where your body begins breaking down and absorbing parts of your tooth structure—and while it's a natural process for baby teeth, it becomes concerning when it affects your permanent teeth. Understanding this condition can help you make informed decisions about your dental care and potentially save your natural tooth.

Tooth resorption affects thousands of people each year, yet many patients have never heard of it until they're diagnosed. This condition can occur silently, progressing without obvious symptoms until significant damage has already occurred. The good news? With early detection and proper treatment from a qualified endodontist, many resorbed teeth can be saved. This blog post will cover the types of tooth resorption, what causes a tooth to get resorbed and how an endodontist can help.

Understanding the two types of tooth resorption

When it comes to resorption of teeth, there are two distinct types that affect different parts of your tooth structure. Each type presents unique challenges and requires specific treatment approaches.

Internal resorption

Internal resorption begins within the tooth itself, typically starting in the pulp chamber where the tooth's nerve and blood vessels are located. This type of resorption often occurs after trauma or infection has damaged the tooth's internal structures.

One of the most distinctive signs of internal resorption is a pink discoloration that may appear in the tooth. This happens because the resorption process creates a cavity within the tooth that can become visible through the enamel. Patients with internal resorption might notice their tooth looks different, but they often don't experience pain in the early stages.

External resorption

External resorption starts on the outside surface of the tooth, usually affecting the root structure. This type can be more aggressive and challenging to detect because it often progresses without noticeable symptoms. External resorption can occur anywhere along the root surface, making it particularly concerning for the long-term stability of the tooth.

Unlike internal resorption, external resorption typically doesn't cause the distinctive pink discoloration. Instead, it may create small cavities or lesions on the tooth's surface that can only be detected through dental imaging.

What causes a resorbed root?

Several factors can trigger the resorption process in permanent teeth. Understanding these causes can help you recognize your risk factors and take preventive measures.

Dental trauma

Accidents, falls or sports injuries that impact your teeth can damage the root structure and surrounding tissues. This damage can disrupt the normal healing process and trigger resorption. Even minor trauma that doesn't cause visible damage can sometimes lead to resorption months or years later.

Orthodontic treatment

While orthodontic treatment is generally safe, the pressure applied to move teeth can sometimes cause external resorption, particularly in the root tips. This is more likely to occur with aggressive tooth movement or in patients with certain predisposing factors.

Infections and inflammation

Chronic infections in the gums or around the tooth roots can create an inflammatory environment that promotes resorption. Untreated dental infections, periodontal disease or failed root canal treatments can all contribute to this process.

Genetic factors

Some individuals may be genetically predisposed to tooth resorption. If you have a family history of resorption or certain genetic conditions, you may have a higher risk of developing this condition.

Recognizing the symptoms of a resorbed tooth

One of the challenges with tooth resorption is that it often progresses silently, especially in the early stages. However, there are several symptoms you should watch for:

Pain and sensitivity can occur as the resorption progresses and affects the tooth's nerve. You might experience discomfort when biting down or sensitivity to hot and cold temperatures.

Tooth discoloration is particularly common with internal resorption. The affected tooth may develop a pink or grayish tint that becomes more noticeable over time.

Visible changes to the tooth structure might include small cavities, dark spots or unusual wear patterns. These changes are more common with external resorption and may be subtle at first.

Loose teeth can occur in advanced cases where the resorption has significantly weakened the root structure. If you notice any looseness in your teeth, it's important to seek dental evaluation promptly.

How endodontists diagnose resorbed teeth

Early detection of tooth resorption is crucial for successful treatment. Modern endodontic practices use advanced diagnostic tools to identify resorption before it causes irreversible damage.

Dental X-rays

Traditional dental X-rays can reveal changes in tooth structure that suggest resorption. However, early-stage resorption might not be visible on standard X-rays, which is why more advanced imaging is often necessary.

Cone-beam CT imaging

Three-dimensional CBCT scans provide detailed views of the tooth and surrounding structures. This technology allows endodontists to see the exact location, size and extent of resorption, making it possible to develop precise treatment plans.

Clinical examination

A thorough clinical examination includes checking for symptoms like tooth discoloration, mobility and sensitivity. Your endodontist will also review your dental history and any trauma or previous treatments that might have contributed to the resorption.

Treatment options for resorbed teeth

The treatment approach for a resorbed tooth depends on several factors, including the type of resorption, its location and how extensively it has progressed.

Root canal therapy

For internal resorption that hasn't progressed too far, root canal therapy can be highly effective. This treatment removes the damaged tissue from inside the tooth and seals the space to prevent further resorption. The procedure also eliminates any infection that might be contributing to the problem.

Surgical intervention

External resorption sometimes requires surgical treatment to access and repair the affected area. This might involve removing the resorbed tissue and placing a filling material to restore the tooth's structure.

Monitoring and observation

In some cases, particularly with minor external resorption, careful monitoring may be the best initial approach. Regular checkups and imaging allow your endodontist to track the progression and intervene if the condition worsens.

Extraction and replacement

When resorption has caused extensive damage that makes the tooth unsalvageable, extraction may be necessary. However, endodontists always explore all preservation options before recommending removal.

Preventing tooth resorption

While not all cases of tooth resorption can be prevented, there are steps you can take to reduce your risk:

Protect your teeth during sports and physical activities by wearing a properly fitted mouthguard. This can help prevent trauma that might lead to resorption.

Maintain excellent oral hygiene to prevent infections and inflammation that can trigger the resorption process. Regular brushing, flossing and dental cleanings are essential.

Seek prompt treatment for any dental injuries, even if they seem minor. Early intervention can prevent complications that might lead to resorption later.

Follow orthodontic recommendations carefully if you're undergoing tooth movement. Work with experienced orthodontists who understand how to minimize the risk of resorption during treatment.

Why early intervention matters

The key to successfully treating a resorbed tooth is catching it early. Once resorption has caused extensive damage, treatment options become more limited and the prognosis becomes less favorable.

Regular dental checkups are your best defense against undiagnosed resorption. Your general dentist can identify potential problems and refer you to an endodontist when specialized care is needed. Advanced imaging technology makes it possible to detect resorption in its early stages, when treatment is most likely to be successful.

If you're experiencing any symptoms that might suggest tooth resorption—such as unexplained tooth pain, discoloration or sensitivity—don't wait to seek professional evaluation. The sooner resorption is identified and treated, the better your chances of preserving your natural tooth.

Remember that losing a natural tooth affects more than just your smile. It can impact your ability to chew properly, affect your speech and potentially lead to shifting of adjacent teeth. When resorption is caught early, endodontic treatment can often save the tooth and maintain your oral health for years to come.

Save your smile with expert endodontic care from WFWE

Tooth resorption is a serious condition that requires specialized expertise for proper diagnosis and treatment. While the prospect of having a resorbed tooth can be concerning, modern endodontic techniques offer excellent opportunities for preserving your natural teeth.

If you suspect you might have a resorbed tooth or have been told you need endodontic evaluation, don't hesitate to seek care from a qualified endodontist. Early intervention can make the difference between saving your tooth and needing extraction and replacement.

Contact us at West Fort Worth Endodontics to see Dr. Nieves or Dr. Fitzhugh, our board-certified endodontists. They can help you understand what resorption means and how endodontic care can help.